Body Earth | SSHADE

Planetary body

Name: Earth
Secondary names: Blue planet, Gaia / Gaea, Terra, Tellus

"The Blue Marble" famous photograph of the Earth taken on December 7, 1972, by the crew of the Apollo 17 spacecraft ((NASA/Apollo 17 crew; Harrison Schmitt or Ron Evans

Origin

Discoverer: Adam & Eve

Family and type

Family: planet
Dynamic family: planet
Physical type: telluric

Satellites and Rings

Satellites number: 1
Ring system: no

Comments: also 5 quasi-satellites

Orbit

Periapsis: 147095000.0 $km$
Apoapsis: 152100000.0 $km$
Semimajor axis: 149598023.0 $km$ (1.001 $AU$ )
Eccentricity: 0.0167086
Inclination to ecliptic: 5e-05°
Axial tilt: 7.155° to cental body equator
Orbit direction: prograde
Synchronous: no
Period: 365.256363 days

Rotation

Synchronous: no
Obliquity: 23.4393°
Period: 1.0 days

Physical properties

Dimensions: 6356.8 $\it km$ (polar) - 6378.1 $\it km$ (equatorial)
Mean radius: 6371.0 $km$
Mass: 5.97237e+24 $kg$ (1.0 Earth mass)
Mean density: 5.514 $g/cm^{3}$

Surface

Gravity: 9.8066 $m/s^{2}$
Geometric albedo (Vis): 0.367
Bond albedo: 0.306
Temperature: 184 K (pole) - 287.16 K (mean) - 330 K (equator)
Pressure: 1.01325 bar at mean sea level

Composition

Atmosphere species

Name	State	Mole fraction	Location
N2	gas	78.084 %	atmosphere
O2	gas	20.946 %	atmosphere
Ar	gas	0.934 %	atmosphere
CO2	gas	0.0413 %	atmosphere
H2O	gas	1.0 %	atmosphere
O3	gas	0.001 %	stratosphere
H2O droplets	liquid		tropospheric clouds
H2O ice	solid		stratospheric clouds

Atmosphere comments

Contains also

N e, H e, C H_{4}, K r

$Ne, He, CH_4, Kr$ and

H_{2}

$H_2$ for less than 0.003%. Water abundance is highly variable: 0.001 - 5%

Surface species

Name	State	Mole fraction	Location
Fe	solid	32.1 %	surface, subsurface, crust, mantle
O	solid	30.1 %	surface, subsurface, crust, mantle
Si	solid	15.1 %	surface, subsurface, crust, mantle
Mg	solid	13.9 %	surface, subsurface, crust, mantle
S	solid	2.9 %	surface, subsurface, crust, mantle
Ni	solid	1.8 %	surface, subsurface, crust, mantle
Ca	solid	1.5 %	surface, subsurface, crust, mantle
Al	solid	1.4 %	surface, subsurface, crust, mantle
other	solid	1.2 %	surface, subsurface, crust, mantle

Surface comments

All types of minerals in the crust (continental - oceanic) mostly made of silica (

S i O_{2}

$SiO_2$ , 60.6-48.6%), alumina (

A l_{2} O_{3}

$Al_2O_3$ , 15.9-16.5%), lime (

C a O

$CaO$ , 6.4-12.3%), magnesia (

M g O

$MgO$ , 4.6-6.8%), iron oxide (

F e O_{x}

$FeO_x$ , 6.7-6.2%), sodium oxide (

N a_{2} O

$Na_2O$ , 3.1-2.6%), potassium oxide (

K_{2} O

$K_2O$ , 1.8-0.4%), titanium dioxide (

T i O_{2}

$TiO_2$ , 0.7-1.4%), phosphorous pentoxide (

P_{2} O_{5}

$P_2O_5$ , 0.13-0.3%), manganese oxide (

M n O

$MnO$ , 0.1-1.4%), water (

H_{2} O

$H_2O$ , 1.4-1.1%), and carbon dioxide (

C O_{2}

$CO_2$ , 1.2-1.4%).

Links

Wikipedia: Earth