Publication
- Names
-
- Zuriñe Yoldi
- Antoine Pommerol
- Olivier Poch
- Nicolas Thomas
- Title
- Reflectance study of ice and Mars soil simulant associations – I. H2O ice
- Abstract
- The reflectance of water ice and dust mixtures depends, amongst other parameters, on how the components are mixed (e.g. intimate mixture, areal mixture or coating) (Clark, 1999). Therefore, when inverting the reflectance spectra measured from planetary surfaces to derive the amount of water ice present at the surface, it is critical to distinguish between different mixing modes of ice and dust. However, the distinction between mixing modes from reflectance spectra remains ambiguous. Here we show how to identify some water ice/soil mixing modes from the study of defined spectral criteria and colour analysis of laboratory mixtures. We have recreated ice and dust mixtures and found that the appearance of frost on a surface increases its reflectance and flattens its spectral slopes, whereas the increasing presence of water ice in intimate mixtures mainly impacts the absorption bands. In particular, we provide laboratory data and a spectral analysis to help interpret ice and soil reflectance spectra from the Martian surface.
- Keywords
- Reflectance, Water-ice, Mixture, Mars, Frost
- Content
- spectral data, sample
- Document type
- article
- Publication state
- in press
- Doi
- 10.1016/j.icarus.2020.114169
- Identifiers
-
- bibcode: YOLDI2020114169
- Experiment/Spectra
-
- Vis-NIR reflectance spectrum of JSC Mars-1 (original powder) at 293 K
- Vis-NIR reflectance spectrum of Water frost (~13 µm thick) on Dark basalt (grains < 100 µm) at ~100 K
- Vis-NIR reflectance spectrum of Water frost (~52 µm thick) on Dark basalt (grains < 100 µm) at ~100 K
- Vis-NIR reflectance spectrum of Water frost (~75 µm thick) on Dark basalt (grains < 100 µm) at ~100 K
- Vis-NIR reflectance spectrum of JSC Mars-1 mixed with 10 wt% Water ice particles (4.5±2.5 μm) at ~90 K
- Vis-NIR reflectance spectrum of JSC Mars-1 mixed with 35 wt% Water ice particles (4.5±2.5 μm) at ~90 K
- Vis-NIR reflectance spectrum of JSC Mars-1 mixed with 50 wt% Water ice particles (4.5±2.5 μm) at ~90 K
- Vis-NIR reflectance spectrum of JSC Mars-1 mixed with 75 wt% Water ice particles (4.5±2.5 μm) at ~90 K
- Vis-NIR reflectance spectrum of Water ice particles (4.5±2.5 μm) at ~120 K
- Vis-NIR reflectance spectrum of JSC Mars-1 mixed with 10 wt% Water ice particles (67±31 μm) at ~100 K
- Vis-NIR reflectance spectrum of JSC Mars-1 mixed with 35 wt% Water ice particles (67±31 μm) at ~100 K
- Vis-NIR reflectance spectrum of JSC Mars-1 mixed with 50 wt% Water ice particles (67±31 μm) at ~100 K
- Vis-NIR reflectance spectrum of JSC Mars-1 mixed with 75 wt% Water ice particles (67±31 μm) at ~100 K
- Vis-NIR reflectance spectrum of Water ice particles (67±31 μm) at ~120 K
- Vis-NIR reflectance spectrum of Dark basalt mixed with 35 wt% Water ice particles (67±31 μm) at ~120 K
- Vis-NIR reflectance spectrum of Dark basalt mixed with 50 wt% Water ice particles (67±31 μm) at ~120 K
- Vis-NIR reflectance spectrum of Dark basalt mixed with 75 wt% Water ice particles (67±31 μm) at ~120 K
- Vis-NIR reflectance spectrum of Water frost (~80 µm) over Dark basalt mixed with 35 wt% Water ice particles (67±31 μm) at ~120 K
- Vis-NIR reflectance spectrum of Water frost (~80 µm) over Dark basalt mixed with 50 wt% Water ice particles (67±31 μm) at ~120 K
- Vis-NIR reflectance spectrum of Water frost (~80 µm) over Dark basalt mixed with 75 wt% Water ice particles (67±31 μm) at ~120 K
- Vis-NIR reflectance spectrum of Frozen water saturated (87 wt%) JSC Mars-1 (grains < 100 µm) after 3h of sublimation
- Vis-NIR reflectance spectrum of Frozen water saturated (87 wt%) JSC Mars-1 (grains < 100 µm) after 7h of sublimation
- Vis-NIR reflectance spectrum of Frozen water saturated (87 wt%) JSC Mars-1 (grains < 100 µm) after 14h of sublimation
- Vis-NIR reflectance spectrum of Frozen water saturated (87 wt%) JSC Mars-1 (grains < 100 µm) after 17h of sublimation
- Vis-NIR reflectance spectrum of Frozen water saturated (90 wt%) Dark Basalt (grains < 100 µm) after 3h of sublimation
- Vis-NIR reflectance spectrum of Frozen water saturated (90 wt%) Dark Basalt (grains < 100 µm) after 3.5h of sublimation
- Vis-NIR reflectance spectrum of Frozen water saturated (90 wt%) Dark Basalt (grains < 100 µm) after 4h of sublimation
- Vis-NIR reflectance spectrum of Frozen water saturated (90 wt%) Dark Basalt (grains < 100 µm) after 4.5h of sublimation
- Vis-NIR reflectance spectrum of Frozen water saturated (90 wt%) Dark Basalt (grains < 100 µm) after 4.6h of sublimation
- Vis-NIR reflectance spectrum of Dark basalt (original powder) at 293 K
- Vis-NIR reflectance spectrum of Dark basalt (grains > 400 µm) at 293 K
- Vis-NIR reflectance spectrum of Dark basalt (grains 200-400 µm) at 293 K
- Vis-NIR reflectance spectrum of Dark basalt (grains 100-200 µm) at 293 K
- Vis-NIR reflectance spectrum of Dark basalt (grains < 100 µm) at 293 K
- Vis-NIR reflectance spectrum of Water frost (~14 µm thick) on JSC Mars-1 (grains > 400 µm) at ~110 K
- Vis-NIR reflectance spectrum of Water frost (~33 µm thick) on JSC Mars-1 (grains > 400 µm) at ~110 K
- Vis-NIR reflectance spectrum of Water frost (~50 µm thick) on JSC Mars-1 (grains > 400 µm) at ~110 K
- Vis-NIR reflectance spectrum of Water frost (~14 µm thick) on JSC Mars-1 (grains < 100 µm) at ~110 K
- Vis-NIR reflectance spectrum of Water frost (~33 µm thick) on JSC Mars-1 (grains < 100 µm) at ~110 K
- Vis-NIR reflectance spectrum of Water frost (~50 µm thick) on JSC Mars-1 (grains < 100 µm) at ~110 K
- Vis-NIR reflectance spectrum of Water frost (~13 µm thick) on Dark basalt (grains > 400 µm) at ~100 K
- Vis-NIR reflectance spectrum of Water frost (~52 µm thick) on Dark basalt (grains > 400 µm) at ~100 K
- Vis-NIR reflectance spectrum of Water frost (~75 µm thick) on Dark basalt (grains > 400 µm) at ~100 K
- Vis-NIR reflectance spectrum of JSC Mars-1 (grains > 400 µm) at 293 K
- Vis-NIR reflectance spectrum of JSC Mars-1 (grains 200-400 µm) at 293 K
- Vis-NIR reflectance spectrum of JSC Mars-1 (grains 100-200 µm) at 293 K
- Vis-NIR reflectance spectrum of JSC Mars-1 (grains < 100 µm) at 293 K