Constituent
Name
Gypsum
IMA name
Gypsum
Class
non-silicate mineral
Compound type
sulfate
Comments
commonly used non-standard space groups: A2/a, A1, I12, I2/a
Relevance
main - minor
Arrangement
unknown
Mass fraction
2.0 ± 10.0
Formula
CaSO42H2O
Chemical formula
CaSO4•2H2O
Elemental formula
Ca S O6 H4
Isotope mixture type
terrestrial abundance
  Formula Name Family Number min-max Isotope mole fraction State Relevance
Ca2+ Calcium cation element 1 constituent cation main
(SO4)2 Sulfate anion chemical function 1 anionic radical main
H2O Water molecule 2 hydration main
Composition comments
Slightly soluble in water. Poorly deliquescent > 99% RH at 20°C
Chemical functions
  Function Number Relevance
(SO4)2 1
ROH 2 main
Chemical bonds
  Bond Number Relevance
Ca2+O 2
OH 2
OH 2 main
SO1/2 4
Oxides
Formula CaO SO3 H2O
Mass fraction (%) 32.57 46.5 20.93

Strunz

Class
sulfates - chromates - molybdates - tungstates (07)
Division
sulfates (selenates, etc.) without additional anions, with H2O (07.C)
Family
with only large cations (07.CD)
Code
07.CD.40

Dana

Major class
sulfates, chromates, selenates (VI)
Class
hydrated acid and sulfates (29)
Type
where AXO4.x(H2O) (29.06)
Group
-Gypsum- group (Dihydrates, monoclinic) (29.06.03)
Code
29.06.03.01
Phase type
crystalline
Crystal system
monoclinic
Crystal class
prismatic
Crystal class symbol
2/m (C2h)
Crystal spacegroup
C2/c
Crystal sites
Label Nb Type Wp Specie Specie coordinence Specie occupancy Specie oxidation state
Ca 1  Ca2+ 1.0
S 1  S 1.0
O1 2  O 1.0
O2 2  O 1.0
Ow 2  O 1.0
H1 2  H 1.0
H2 2  H 1.0
Composition order
ordered
Molar mass
172.17 g/mol
Density
2.31 g/cm3
Refringence type
biaxial
Refringence sign
positive
Birefringence
0.0090 - 0.0100
Refraction index nα
1.519 - 1.521
Refraction index nβ
1.522 - 1.523
Refraction index nγ
1.529 - 1.530
Dispersion V
strong
Color
colorless, white, yellowish white, greenish white, brown
Diaphaneity
transparent to translucent
Luster
pearly